Which type of selection-type test item reduces the probability of guessing correct responses in a written test?

The matching test item format is particularly effective in reducing the probability of guessing correct responses. This is because matching requires students to make a connection between items from two lists, which involves deeper processing and understanding of the content. Since there are typically multiple correct responses associated with various items, students need to have a clearer grasp of the relationships between the concepts or terms being matched.

In contrast, other formats, like true-false and multiple-choice questions, often present students with a limited number of options, which increases the likelihood of guessing correctly, especially if students are not fully sure of the answers. Essays may reduce guessing as well since they require the student to generate answers, but they don’t fit the typical selection-type format. Thus, matching stands out as a more complex task that encourages knowledge application rather than mere guessing.